Communicating with babies

Effective communication imparts skills, fosters a sense of safety and exemplifies social and emotional abilities that pave the way for lifelong success, Katie Fotheringham writes.

The National Quality Standard (NQS) has outlined advice on how early childhood education and care (ECEC) professionals can support babies’ and toddlers’ belonging, being and becoming by practising effective verbal and non-verbal communication.

Children are born ready to communicate, initially expressing needs through crying, before transitioning to babbling, gestures, and eventually words.

Educators can foster communication by maintaining active dialogue, observing and interpreting babies’ sounds, gestures, and expressions, and being attentive to non-verbal cues.

Fostering belonging

Children belong as soon as they are born – to their culture, families, communities and education services.

IEU-QNT Assistant Secretary Nicole Kapernick says positive relationships are the foundation of living and learning, and educators play a crucial part in fostering a sense of belonging.

“Simple acts that can contribute to belonging include greeting and saying goodbye to children and families by name, involving children in daily routines and allowing children to help,” Kapernick says.

“In an ECEC environment, engaging in dialogue with infants and toddlers about their surroundings, upcoming events, observations, emotions of others, and various aspects enhances their sense of connection and enriches their understanding of the surrounding world,” she says.

Early childhood researchers and authors Beverly Kovach and Denise De Ros-Voseles say using language that includes children in communication, rather than talking about them, fosters a sense of belonging. They claim when you do not talk to babies, they are unlikely to understand what is happening to them.

"Similar to adults, children may find it difficult to articulate their emotions when upset, making it crucial for educators to help them label their feelings."

Be present

ECEC settings, especially those catering to infants, are bustling with tasks like nappy changes, feedings, and naps, leaving little uninterrupted time for one-on-one interaction.

Kapernick says there’s strength in being fully present, attuning to a child, and focusing on their actions and words.

“Educators can engage in children’s play, attentively listening to their vocalisations, gestures, and facial cues, staying in the present to better understand and support each child,” she says.

Kovach and De Ros-Voseles argue that talking about babies rather than directly acknowledging verbal and non-verbal cues discounts them as individuals. If you are present in the moment and communicate with children individually, it validates their self-worth.

Maintain calm

When things are running smoothly, and distractions are minimal, effective communication is straightforward. However, remaining composed and empathetic during times of stress or frustration can be more challenging.

“Similar to adults, children may find it difficult to articulate their emotions when upset, making it crucial for educators to help them label their feelings,” Kapernick says.

“For instance, acknowledging a child’s anger and asking them what has upset them and validating their feelings.”

Kapernick says that in situations where a child exhibits challenging behaviour, acknowledging their emotions while redirecting their actions can be constructive.

“Educators can suggest coping strategies or redirect them to another task.”

Acknowledge the positives

Recognising achievement is integral to positive communication, especially for preverbal infants and toddlers learning to navigate the world.

“Additionally, conveying positivity through facial expressions, such as smiling and nodding, reinforces connection and awareness,” Kapernick says.

“Positive body language among adults in the environment also sets a constructive example for children, who keenly observe and learn from these interactions.”

Education researchers argue there is a vast difference between how babies communicate and how adults communicate – gestures can go a long way where words cannot and it is important to remember babies can understand body language.


References


Visit: bit.ly/talkingaboutpractice

Communicating with Babies, Kovach, Beverly; Da Ros-Voseles, Denise. YC Young Children; Washington Vol. 66, Iss. 2, (Mar 2011): 48-50.