Life skills: Exotic extra or educational essential?

The idea that education should be about more than just grades never goes away, and the advent of mental health awareness might see that idea gain more traction, Will Brodie writes.

In his 2010 campaign launch for the Victorian state election, then Premier John Brumby proposed that every Year 9 student in a Victorian state school “spend at least two weeks away from home to ready them for adult life”.

City children would experience life in the country; country children would spend time in the city. The program would equip students with “real world knowledge” and teach them essential skills including bushfire awareness, advanced water safety, first aid, self-discipline, self-defence, and drug and alcohol awareness.

Such capabilities are usually labelled ‘life skills’, practical assets that help you live a healthy and fulfilling life. They also help make students productive, efficient, and successful and enable them to operate independently of their parents after leaving school.

The 2010 life skills proposal, central to a $288 million education plan, was soon dubbed ‘Brumby’s Boot Camps’ and criticised as a populist election stunt wasting money better spent on more urgent needs, including funding for educational psychologists, student welfare co-ordinators, integration aides and remedial teachers.

Brumby’s Labor Party lost that election. No boot camps. But the idea of incorporating more life skills into education is never far away, because people continue to ask: ‘What skills do we want our kids to possess by the time they leave high school’?

Boot camp time

In July this year, journalist Julie Szego, addressing the anxieties of “listless and withdrawn” children following pandemic lockdowns, said “if ever the (boot camp) plan’s time has come it is now”.

Szego envisaged every kid undertaking “landscape painting, skiing, taking science classes by a river, and going cold turkey on digital communication”. They would write letters home – on paper.

“I imagine such a program would be transformative for some, for others a bucolic hell. Either way it would amount to life, vividly experienced, and that’s usually fertile ground for personal growth.

“Beyond emergency relief, our children are crying out for opportunities to foster resilience and emotional strength.”

Szego anticipated the “eye-rolling” of overburdened teachers at the suggestion and acknowledged that staff shortages meant schools were barely coping with normal programming let alone “exotic extras”.

“But staffing in a range of sectors is a problem policymakers will be forced to seriously tackle, regardless. Meanwhile, the ‘exotic extra’ must be redefined as essential.”

Szego’s proposal is primarily meant as a boost for kids traumatised by being isolated for too long. And she acknowledges that many independent schools already offer enriching experiences outside the classroom.

However, life skills advocates feel there is a huge shift in emphasis necessary in all schools to properly prepare students for life beyond the school gates.

Life skills evolve

Traditional expectations of life skills advocates have been that school leavers should be able to cook, change a tyre, apply first aid, do their taxes, and pay bills on time, run a household, and grasp fundamental physical survival skills.

Some life skills advocates demand computer science and video game design are modern must-have skills.

However, these days, life skills are more sophisticated.

Everyone from academics to bloggers highlights the importance of mental health and/or mindfulness tuition.

“Mindfulness can develop skills for concentration and impulse control,” writes international think tank Big Think. “It can help young people to better manage their worrying thoughts and discover how the brain and mind really works.

“Simple mediation, breathing skills and finding how to ‘be in the moment’ will stay with you for life.”

According to Big Think, mental health classes should foster“practical mental wellbeing skills”. “Students would be introduced to methods of self-reflection and emotional assessment. They would practice techniques for effectively dealing with intense emotions such as stress, anger, and sadness.”

Moreover, young people grow more aware of their own struggles and those of the people around them. By becoming aware of this, young people are better equipped to handle what they’re going through.

The World Health Organisation now defines life skills as: “A group of psychosocial competencies and interpersonal skills that help people make informed decisions, solve problems, think critically and creatively, communicate effectively, build healthy relationships, empathise with others, and cope with and manage their lives in a healthy and responsible manner.”

That’s a long way from rubbing sticks together on a bushland camp.

Stressed-out students

We understand much more about the stresses on students than we did 12 years ago.

National Youth Mental Health Foundation Headspace reports that in 2020, one third of Australian young people (34 per cent) reported high or very high levels of psychological distress.

US-based education coaches Positive Action say, “learning life skills helps young people understand who they are and what they want out of life”.

“Moreover, young people grow more aware of their own struggles and those of the people around them. By becoming aware of this, young people are better equipped to handle what they’re going through and recognise when they need help. This helps reduce incidences of bullying and violence.

“The average high school student has oodles of real-life responsibilities to deal with. Between juggling homework, extracurriculars, and trying to maintain a social life — it can feel like too much sometimes.”

Social media exacerbates this, bombarding teenagers with images of unachievable ideals and messages about things they are missing out on. Low self-esteem, alienation and isolation are major concerns.

The reasons why not

So why don’t life skills get applied in every school?

A common objection is that many of these skills are, or should be, the responsibility of parents.

However, in most families it takes two parents working to pay the bills. Few have time for extra tuition.

And we all know teachers are suffering a workload crisis.

Lack of funding, already full curricula, lack of teacher training, lack of resources and lack of integration with other subjects are other valid reasons why there’s not more support for life skills being taught.

Then there’s stressed students cramming to get marks in ‘core’ subjects they need to gain admission to their preferred Tertiary courses. They can, understandably, be dismissive of subjects that seem like a less immediate priority.

However, many of these valid objections come down to a matter of will. If we believe that mental health, getting along with others, being financially self-reliant, and able to help in an emergency are worthy outcomes for everyone in society, we must make them an accepted part of everyday school life.

To be successfully implemented, such things must be embedded right from the start of primary school, so they become expected aspects of learning. A two-week camp merely maintains the status of life skills as “outside” the mainstream of education.

In 2010, opposing Brumby’s Boot Camps, The Age senior education journalist Denise Ryan quoted a visiting academic Drew Gitomer, who was “puzzled” by Australia’s “rigid, top-down approach to education, whereby politicians and bureaucrats impose programs and spending priorities on schools”.

“It flies in the face of best international practice, where countries such as Norway give principals and teachers respect and the power to determine priorities.”

Respect and power for teachers? It’s an idea, like life skills education, that just won’t go away. Perhaps 2010 should be revisited.

References

https://headspace.org.au/assets/Uploads/Insights-youth-mental-health-and-wellbeing-over-time-headspace-National-Youth-Mental-Health-Survey-2020.pdf

https://brilliantio.com/why-doesnt-school-teach-life-skills/

https://www.positiveaction.net/blog/teaching-life-skills-in-schools

https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/year-9-boot-camps-could-be-the-key-to-lift-teen-spirit-20220711-p5b0th.html

https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/brumby-plan-for-teenage-boot-camp-20101116-17v45.html

https://bigthink.com/the-present/subjects-taught-school/